Assistive technology is any kind of technology and/or tool that can be used to enhance the functional independence of a person with a disability.

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Apple just keeps making it better for those who are blind or visually impaired. iOS 8 comes with more features to make it easier for people with low vision or no vision to get the most from their iOS devices. Following you will find misc. information about using the iDevices as assistive technology. I hope you find this guide helpful as you take this journey into the iWorld. Please note: There are new apps coming out every day. This is not a complete guide but more of a jumping off point.
Built-in Accessibility/Functions to explore:
Built-in accessibility features and the development of thousands of specialized apps have made Apple’s iPhone extremely popular among persons with disabilities. Assignable ringtones create an audible caller ID for the blind;  This section explores the IOS accessibility features, including VoiceOver and Zoom, and reviews blind or low vision-specific apps.
There are many built-in features on iDevices that accommodate those with low vision or no vision and help improve productivity. The iPhone and the iPad have some differences here so it is important that you get the tools that best fits your needs. Apple provides a section just on accessibility option worth exploring but also check out the details of many of those built-in accessibility options in the iOS Technology.
Here are the functions we will be covering.
Guided Access,VoiceOver,VoiceOver with Zoom,Zoom,VoiceOver with Maps,Text Completion,Siri,Siri’s ability to launch apps,White-on-Black,Hands Free,Alternate alerts,Custom vibration patterns for alerts
Word highlights in speak selection.
You can find these functions in accessibility. 

VoiceOver,  

VoiceOver, the screen reader for blind and low-vision users, is now integrated with Maps, AssistiveTouch, and Zoom.VoiceOver is a revolutionary screen reader that lets you know what’s happening on your Multi-Touch screen — and helps you navigate it — even if you can’t see it. Touch the screen to hear what’s under your finger, then use gestures to control your device. VoiceOver works with the apps that come with your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch. 

Siri

Siri, Apple’s intelligent assistant, helps you do the things you do every day.1 All you have to do is ask. Say something like “Tell Jay I’m running late” or “Remind me to make reservations for Saturday.” Siri can send messages, place phone calls, schedule meetings, and even turn on and off VoiceOver, Guided Access and Invert Colors. And because Siri is integrated with VoiceOver, you can ask where the nearest sushi restaurant is and hear the answer read out loud.

Speak Selection

If you have a hard time reading the text on your iOS device, use Speak Selection to read your email, iMessages, web pages, and books to you. Highlight text in any application, tap Speak, and Speak Selection reads the selected text aloud. You can adjust the voice’s dialect and speaking rate, and have words highlighted as they’re being read.

Dictation

Dictation lets you talk where you would type. Tap the microphone button on the keyboard, say what you want to write, and your iOS device converts your words (and numbers and characters) into text. So it’s easy to type an email, note, or URL — without typing at all.

Zoom

Zoom is a built-in magnifier that works wherever you are in iOS, from Mail and Safari to the Home and Lock screens. And it works with all apps from the App Store. A simpledouble-tap with three fingers instantly zooms in 200 percent, and you can adjust the magnification between 100 and 500 percent. While you’re zoomed in, you can still use all of the familiar gestures to navigate your device. And Zoom works with VoiceOver, so you can bettersee — and hear — what’s happening on your screen.

Font Adjustments

When you activate Larger Dynamic Type, the text inside Calendar, Contacts, Mail, Messages, Notes, and even some third party apps, is converted to a larger, easier-to-read size. And you can choose bold text to make the text heavier across a range of built-in applications.

Invert Colors and Grayscale

If a higher contrast helps you better see what’s on your display, iOS lets you invert the colors onscreen. Once you set your colors, the settings apply systemwide, even to video, so you get the same view no matter what you’re seeing.
Braille Displays for iOS  It’s easy to use a braille display with your iOS device. More than 40 Bluetooth wireless braille displays work right out of the box with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch. And iOS includes braille tables for multiple languages. Learn more about iOS braille displays         
Apps for Visually Impaired:
 It is always good to do a little research on an app before purchasing it. Do a search and see if you can find some reviews or talk to others to see if they have tried it. This could save you a lot of money as some apps are just not appropriate or what you might be hoping for. Watching YouTube videos of the app in action i always worth while. 
explored and found, what I feel to be, a couple of great resources for apps for the Visually Impaired:
Apps for the Blind and Visually Impaired –  highlights some of the most innovative apps available.
Gradients of Sight has provided a listing and review of each.
 Magnification and Vision Support listing by Spectronics.com is also a good guide.
spectronics.com has a listing of apps for people who have low vision, and teachers of students who have a vision impairment.
 iPhone iPad apps for the blind and visually impaired blog highlights some of the most innovative and entertaining apps available to the vision impaired.
Not assistive technology but may be worth exploring is: Apps that can aid in Visual Skills
Voice Dream Reader app  provides text-to-speech that lets you listen to any articles, blog posts, reports, papers, and books. It reads the text using the best available text-to-speech technology. You can add it to your Book share account easily. VDR allows for many color options, the Text-To-Speech can be set for wpm, and I think you will like the reading screen feature. 
ViA is a new app from Braille Institute that fills a real need for families with children with visual impairments… it helps you find apps that are accessible and appropriate for blind users! 
Please note that many of the apps in this section would not be considered LV but more instructional.
App Writer US  is an app which is a text editor for the iPad with word prediction, text-to-speech, OCR, and a special font for people who are Dyslexic.
PaperPort allows you to import pictures, documents, items from dropbox, etc. and then either type, write or use speech recognition into text boxes. A digital note taking tool, allowing the user to combine documents, web content, audio, typed text, and handwritten notes into a single document that can be shared.
SoundNote is an iPad alternative to smart pens like LiveScribe, but without the need to purchase a special pen. (It is specific to the iPad and is not available on the iPhone.) It allows you to record audio while you hand write notes with your finger, stylus, or keyboard to take notes during classes, conferences, meetings, etc. When you are finished, simply go to the section of your notes that you want to review and you are immediately taken to that section of the audio as well. 
Voice Dream Reader app  provides text-to-speech that lets you listen to any articles, blog posts, reports, papers, and books. It reads the text using the best available text-to-speech technology. 
Reading Supports to research:
There’s a lot reading supports available from resources such as-
iBooks (come with iDevices)
iBooks for Textbooks (This will be big!)
Learning Ally
Talking Books from the National Library Service
Apps that offer highlighting while speaking the text:  Speak It. A great reading app called Voice Dream Reader can be used with Pocket (or Instapaper). With a webpage, save it to pocket then open Voice Dream Reader which imports all webpages saved in Pocket. Voice Dream Reader ighlights the line which is being read aloud. VVoice Dream Reader uses Acapela voices.
Voice Dream Readerapp  provides text-to-speech that lets you listen to any articles, blog posts, reports, papers, and books. It reads the text using the best available text-to-speech technology. 
Apps for Organization and Productivity:
This is a huge category and there are many, many apps to provide support in these areas. This is one of the main supports I (and many others) use my iPad and iPhone for. I often wonder how I ever stayed organized before my iDevices became part of my life. 
The built in calendar with reminders is probably the most important tool you can use. You can set it to remind you of your appointments in various time increments. It will beep, give you a visual cue…remind you more than once!! It is crucial to use this wonderful tool if you are someone who has any type of life with things you need to remember!
Evernote is perfect for taking quick voice, text, and image notes to use later. The app can also sync with Evernote’s desktop and web versions. Evernote gives whole new meaning to the word “synchronized.” This software uses technology to help organize various types of information from several different sources into one, central, web-based location. The product also allows you to clip web pages and archive them for later reference, store screen shots, photos and text notes, all within a customizable storage system. Evernote will organize things for you by the date a note or other document was created.It is a must have.
Note taking Apps: 
(That sync audio and notes at the individual note level- clicking within text or a drawing, jumps to that place in recording so that the listener does not need to listen to the whole recording playback.) 
Audi olio
AudioNote
Audiotorium Notes
Notability
NoteBook for iPad
PaperDesk
PaperPortNotes
SoundNote
Here is more links.were you can find more apps and videos for the  blind and visually impaired.
My blog iPhone iPad apps for the blind and visually impaired gets updated once or twice a week. If you’d like to get updates please use the follow by e-mail feature. Or use the contact form provided and let me know if you would like to receive updates. http://iphoneandipadappsfortheblind.blogspot.com/search/label/iPad
My Pinterest pin board changes weekly so keep your eye out for more pens.https://www.pinterest.com/chelseaastark/iphone-and-ipad-apps-for-blind-and-visually-impair
Also check out The History of Apple i Phone’s blog.
You can also join the Facebook group titled iPhone iPad Apps for the Blind VisuallyImpaired it is a fun Group to ask questions and learn new things. We are always happy to add new members.

If you are blind or visually impaired and thinking about upgrading your iPhone which one should I get. iPhone 5s I phone 5C or iPhone 6 iphone plus

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Right now is a perfect time to upgrade to a new iPhone. The question is what should I upgrade to. The iPhone 5s, the iPhone 5C or the iPhone 6 or 6 plus.  Those of us that are blind or visually impaired have a few more questions than others. I am going to attempt to break it down a little bit so we can easily make an informed decision. 

See all iPhone models.

Overview

Color, finish
I know color does not matter to those who are blind but I will included for those who have some site they may particularly care on what color they get because it may be easier to see.
The iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6 and the iPhone 5 S is Available in silver, gold, and space gray. The iPhone 5c is Available in green, blue, yellow, pink, and white.

  capacity, price
Choosing between them is one of the hardest decisions for most iPhone buyers. Camera and video capabilities keep improving, App Store apps are getting larger, and the functionality of our iPhones keeps getting better. All of this comes at the price of storage space. This is why choosing a storage size that matches your particular use case is so important. The last thing you want to do is get the dreaded out of space error after only a few months of owning your new iPhone. The website iMore comes! Is another helpful website.
The iPhone 6 and the iPhone 6 Plus come in three different storage options 16GB, 64GB, and 128GB. The iPhone 5 S and the iPhone 5C comes in two storage sizes: 16GB and 32GB.
Prices will vary based on model and capacity. Also on what special deals are available on your carrier or other carriers at this time the carriers AT&T, Verizon, Sprint, T-Mobile and other providers are giving special deals for those who are willing to trade up. To learn more go to Upgrading to the latest iPhone.
Touch ID
The iPhone 6 plus, iPhone 6, iPhone 5 S come with Fingerprint identity sensor built into the Home button
Apple pay
iPhone 6 plus iPhone 6 are the only two that come with Pay with your iPhone using Touch ID in stores and in apps.

Height and the Dimensions of each phone

iPhone 6 plus 

5.5-inch (diagonal) LED-backlit widescreen Multi‑Touch display with IPS technology
Height; 5.44 inches (138.1 mm)

With; 3.06 inches (77.8 mm)

Depth;0.28 inch (7.1 mm

Wait; 6.07 ounces (172 grams)i
Phone 6 
4.7-inch (diagonal) LED-backlit widescreen Multi‑Touch 
Height; 5.44 inches (138.1 mm)
With; 2.64 inches (67.0 mm)
Depth;  0.27 inch (6.9 mm)
Wait; 4.55 ounces (129 grams)
Phone 5s
 4-inch (diagonal) LED-backlit widescreen Multi‑Touch  
Height; 123.8 mm (4.87 inches)
With; 58.6 mm (2.31 inches)
Depth;;  0.30 inch (7.6 mm)
Wait; 3.95 ounces (112 grams)
Phone 5c  
4-inch (diagonal) LED-backlit widescreen Multi‑Touch 
Height; 4.90 inches (124.4 mm)
With;2.33 inches (59.2 mm)
Death; 0.35 inch (8.97 mm)
Wait;132 grams (4.65 ounces)

Upgrading to the latest iPhone

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Upgrading to the latest iPhone every year is costly, but if you keep your iPhone in great condition, you can always sell it right before the next iPhone comes out and use that to supplement the cost of upgrading.
Knowing the best place to sell your iPhone can be the tricky part because there are dozens of places you can go to as each vendor is different and will  offer you different methods and prices. Choosing the right venter can be the difference between turning an iClunker into a new upgrade, or getting burned by extra fees and low trade-in prices. There are several options for trading in old devices that can significantly cut down on the cost of purchasing a new device, and most of the trade-in options are entirely hassle free. Some carriers are even offering trade-in bonuses in order to entice users to upgrade to an iPhone 6 or 6 Plus. 

Here are the best places to get the most cash out for your iPhone 6 or 6 Plus upgrade:


Apple Reuse and Recycling Program

If you’re selling your iPhone 5S to buy the iPhone 6, then you probably won’t mind getting an Apple giftcard in exchange for your phone. Apple’s Reuse and Recycling program will let you turn in your old iPhone inexchange for an Apple giftcard.
Right now they will give you $310 for a like-new 16GB iPhone 5S if it’s unlocked. The biggest drawback is that it takes a few days for Apple to get your iPhone, verify its value, and then send you your giftcard in the mail rather than electronically. Apple has an in-store trade-in program and an online program, with the online trade-in program offering up to $310 for a 32GB iPhone 5s in good condition. Apple’s in-store program offers an immediate gift card for an old device that can be put towards the purchase of a new device. 

Carriers are now using trade-ins as a weapon to lure new iPhone buyers away their contract. 

Verizon, for example, is offering a $200 trade-in gift card for an iPhone 4, 4s, 5, or 5c (or a $300 gift card for an iPhone 5s) with the purchase of a new iPhone 6 or 6 Plus on a new Verizon Edge agreement, on a two year contract, or with an outright non-discounted purchase. 

T-Mobile has guaranteed the best trade-in values on used devices, promising to meet the best trade-in prices of other major carriers. If a customer finds a better trade-in price than what T-Mobile is offering, T-Mobile will meet the price and pay an additional $50. 

AT&Ton the other hand, will up its minimum trade-in value for the iPhone 5S to $300, and for the iPhone 5, 5c, 4 and 4s to $200 starting. Like other carriers, AT&T is planning to offer up to $300 to customers trading in an old device to purchase a new iPhone 6. AT&T is also offering a $100 credit for customers that add a new line to their Next accounts. 

Sprint has also offered to match the trade-in policies of other carriers, and will beat buyback pricing on trade-ins for new lines of service. Under the terms of the new trade-in policy, Sprint is offering up to $300 for older devices towards a new iPhone purchase. 

Retailers like Target and Best Buy also have trade-in programs. Best Buy currently offers $310 for a 32GB iPhone 5s in good working condition, while Target offers $247.50 for the same device. 

Along with immediate trade-ins from carrier stores, Apple retail locations, and electronic retailers, there are also countless vendors that accept trade-ins via mail. Popular trade-in site Gazelle, for example, is offering $275 for a locked 32GB iPhone 5s in “flawless” condition, or $300 for the same phone unlocked. 

Amazon 

Has a trade-in program that often offers some of the best trade-in values, but maximum value comes from accepting an Amazon gift card rather than cash. The company offers up to $347.50 for a 32GB iPhone 5s from AT&T, or up to $400 for an unlocked version of the same phone. 

eBay

Auctioning off your iPhone on eBay is one of the easiest ways to sell your iPhone. The only problem is the eBay marketplace is usually crowded with tons of people trying to sell their iPhone too, so it can be hard to standout and get a quick sale. With the eBay Instant Sale app you can sell your used iPhone to eBay instantly.
The offers might not be as high as you were hoping for, but it’s ridiculously quick and easy to use, and if you feel like you’re getting low-balled you can always auction off the iPhone on your own.

Craigslist

There are some people who are just plain terrified to sell their items on Craigslist, and for good reason. Craigslist is like the Wild Wild West of internet marketplaces. Anything goes. Once you list your iPhone 5S for sale at $400, people will email you stuff like, “I got a third-gen iPod nano, $75 cash, and a dirty sock used by Steve Nash. Trade?” It gets crazy, but it can be worth it if you’re patient.
Craigslist is the best place to get the most value for your iPhone. You have to deal with all the terrible people trying to low-ball you, and awkward real-world encounters that make you feel more like a drug dealer than an Apple fan, but if you can get past that, Craigslist might be the best place to sell your iPhone.